Could Phylogenetic Analysis Be Used for Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) Classification? |
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Could Phylogenetic Analysis Be Used for Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) Classification?
https://doi.org/10.3390/v14020249 · Journal: Viruses, 2022, № 2, p. 249 Publisher: MDPI AG Authors: Lucía Cano-Ortiz, Caroline Tochetto, Paulo Michel Roehe, Ana Cláudia Franco, Dennis Maletich Junqueira Abstract The surface envelope (SU) protein determines the cell tropism and consequently the pathogenesis of the feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in felids. Recombination of exogenous FeLV (exFeLV) with endogenous retroviruses (enFeLV) allows the emergence of more pathogenic variants. Currently, phenotypic testing through interference assays is the only method to distinguish among subgroups—namely, FeLV-A, -B, -C, -E, and -T. This study proposes a new method for FeLV classification based on molecular analysis of the SU gene. A total of 404 publicly available SU sequences were used to reconstruct a maximum likelihood tree. However, only 63 of these sequences had available information about phenotypic tests or subgroup assignments. Two major clusters were observed: (a) clade FeLV-A, which includes FeLV-A, FeLV-C, FeLV-E, and FeLV-T sequences, and (b) clade enFeLV, which includes FeLV-B and enFeLV strains. We found that FeLV-B, FeLV-C, FeLV-E, and FeLV-T SU sequences share similarities to FeLV-A viruses and most likely arose independently through mutation or recombination from this strain. FeLV-B and FeLV-C arose from recombination between FeLV-A and enFeLV viruses, whereas FeLV-T is a monophyletic subgroup that has probably originated from FeLV-A through combined events of deletions and insertions. Unfortunately, this study could not identify polymorphisms that are specifically linked to the FeLV-E subgroup. We propose that phylogenetic and recombination analysis together can explain the current phenotypic classification of FeLV viruses. List of references Coffin, Evolution of Retroviruses: Fossils in Our Dna, Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., № 148, с. 264 Publications that cite this publicationMolecular investigation and genetic characterization of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in cats referred to a veterinary teaching hospital in Northern Italy Laura Gallina, Veronica Facile, Nicola Roda, Maria Chiara Sabetti, Alessia Terrusi, Lorenza Urbani, Martina Magliocca, Kateryna Vasylyeva, Francesco Dondi, Andrea Balboni, Mara Battilani https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10380-6 2024, Veterinary Research Communications Scopus WoS Crossref citations: 0WITHDRAWN: Demographic and ecological drivers of infectome diversity in companion cats Yankuo Sun, Jiabao Xing, Sijia Xu, Yue Li, Han Gao, Song Cheng, Qiyuan Kuang, Jun Dong, Tianyou Zhang, Gang Lu, Guy Baele, Guihong Zhang https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.09.01.555855 2023 Crossref citations: 0COMPARISON BETWEEN SANGER, ILLUMINA AND NANOPORE SEQUENCING EVIDENCING INTRA-HOST VARIATION OF FELINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS THAT INFECTS DOMESTIC CATS Cristobal Castillo-Aliaga, Adam Mark Blanchard, Susana Castro-Seriche, Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso, Alonso Jerez-Morales, Matthew W Loose, Rachael E Tarlinton https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.11.02.563952 2023 Crossref citations: 0 Find all citations of the publication |
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